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mariadb的主從復(fù)制、主主復(fù)制、半同步復(fù)制配置詳解

瀏覽:70日期:2023-03-30 13:21:16

主從服務(wù)器的時(shí)間要同步,數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)版本最好是一致的,以免造成函數(shù)處理、日志讀取、日志解析等發(fā)生異常。

以下三個(gè)主從復(fù)制的設(shè)置是獨(dú)立的。

注意防火墻和selinux的影響。

1、簡(jiǎn)單主從復(fù)制的實(shí)現(xiàn)

(1)主服務(wù)器的配置

1)安裝mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)編輯/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

    在[mysqld]段的最后添加以下內(nèi)容

    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 1 (id號(hào)不能跟從服務(wù)器相同)
    log-bin = master-log (自定義二進(jìn)制日志文件名)

3)授權(quán)可以復(fù)制本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)信息的主機(jī)

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service (啟動(dòng)mariadb server)

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
 MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to "repluser"@"10.1.51.%" identified by "replpasswd";
 MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status\G (查看主服務(wù)器的狀態(tài)信息,在從服務(wù)器中要用到)
*************************** 1. row ***************************
   File: master-log.000003 (正在使用的二進(jìn)制日志文件)
  Position: 497 (所處的位置)
 Binlog_Do_DB: 
Binlog_Ignore_DB:

(2)從服務(wù)器的配置

1)安裝mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)編輯/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

    在[mysqld]段的最后添加以下內(nèi)容

    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 2 (id號(hào)不能跟主服務(wù)器相同)
    relay-log = slave-log (自定義二進(jìn)制日志文件名)

3)設(shè)置要從哪個(gè)主服務(wù)器的那個(gè)位置開始同步

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
 MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host="10.1.51.60",master_user="repluser",master_password="replpasswd",master_log_file="master-log.000003",master_log_pos=497;

MariaDB [(none)]> start slave; (啟動(dòng)復(fù)制功能)
MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G (查看從服務(wù)器的狀態(tài),下面顯示的是部分內(nèi)容)
 Master_Host: 10.1.51.60
 Master_User: repluser
 Master_Port: 3306
 Connect_Retry: 60
 Master_Log_File: master-log.000003
 Read_Master_Log_Pos: 497
 Relay_Log_File: slave-log.000002
 Relay_Log_Pos: 530
 Relay_Master_Log_File: master-log.000003
 Slave_IO_Running: Yes 
 Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
 Master_Server_Id: 1

(3)測(cè)試

1)在主服務(wù)器導(dǎo)入事先準(zhǔn)備好的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

[root@localhost ~]# mysql < hellodb.sql

2)在從服務(wù)器查看是否同步

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database   |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| hellodb   |(數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)已經(jīng)同步)
| mysql    |
| performance_schema |
| test    |
+--------------------+
MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb;
MariaDB [hellodb]> show tables; (hellodb數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的表也是同步的)
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_hellodb |
+-------------------+
| classes   |
| coc    |
| courses   |
| scores   |
| students   |
| teachers   |
| toc    |
+-------------------+

2、雙主復(fù)制的實(shí)現(xiàn)

(1)服務(wù)器1的配置

1)安裝mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)編輯/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

    在[mysqld]段的最后添加以下內(nèi)容

    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 1 (id號(hào)不能跟從服務(wù)器相同)
    log-bin = master-log (自定義主服務(wù)器的二進(jìn)制日志文件名)
    relay-log = slave-log (自定義從服務(wù)器的二進(jìn)制日志文件名)
    auto_increment_offset = 1
    auto_increment_increment = 2

3)在服務(wù)器2上查看的master狀態(tài)

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
   File: master-log.000003
  Position: 422
 Binlog_Do_DB: 
Binlog_Ignore_DB:

4)啟動(dòng)mariadb server并進(jìn)行如下配置

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

[root@localhost ~]# mysql

 MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to "repluser"@"10.1.51.%" identified by "replpasswd";

 MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host="10.1.51.50",master_user="repluser",master_password="replpasswd",master_log_file="master-log.000003",master_log_pos=422;

 MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;

 MariaDB [(none)]> SHOW SLAVE STATUS\G (僅是部分內(nèi)容)
  Master_Host: 10.1.51.50
  Master_User: repluser
  Master_Port: 3306
  Connect_Retry: 60
  Master_Log_File: master-log.000003
  Read_Master_Log_Pos: 422
  Relay_Log_File: slave-log.000002
  Relay_Log_Pos: 530
  Relay_Master_Log_File: master-log.000003
  Slave_IO_Running: Yes
  Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
  Master_Server_Id: 2

(2)服務(wù)器2的配置

1)安裝mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)編輯/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 2
    relay-log = slave-log
    lob-bin = master-log
    auto_increment_offset = 2
    auto_increment_increment = 2

3)在服務(wù)器1查看master狀態(tài)

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status\G
*************************** 1. row ***************************
            File: master-log.000003
        Position: 245
    Binlog_Do_DB:
Binlog_Ignore_DB:

4)啟動(dòng)mariadb server并配置

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

[root@localhost ~]# mysql

 MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to "repluser"@"10.1.51.%" identified by "replpasswd";

 MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host="10.1.51.60",master_user="repluser",master_password="replpasswd",master_log_file="master-log.000003",master_log_pos=245;

 MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;

 MariaDB [(none)]> show slave status\G (僅是部分內(nèi)容) 
  Master_Host: 10.1.51.60
  Master_User: repluser
  Master_Port: 3306
  Connect_Retry: 60
  Master_Log_File: master-log.000003
  Read_Master_Log_Pos: 422
  Relay_Log_File: slave-log.000003
  Relay_Log_Pos: 530
  Relay_Master_Log_File: master-log.000003
  Slave_IO_Running: Yes
  Slave_SQL_Running: Yes
  Master_Server_Id: 1

(3)測(cè)試

1)在任意一臺(tái)服務(wù)器上創(chuàng)建mydb數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)

MariaDB [(none)]> create database mydb;

2)在另一臺(tái)服務(wù)器上查看

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
+--------------------+
| Database   |
+--------------------+
| information_schema |
| mydb    |
| mysql    |
| performance_schema |
| test    |
+--------------------+

3、半同步復(fù)制的實(shí)現(xiàn)

(1)在主服務(wù)器上的配置

1)安裝mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)編輯/etc/my.cnf

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 1
    log-bin = master-log

3)授權(quán)可以復(fù)制本地?cái)?shù)據(jù)庫(kù)信息的主機(jī)

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service (啟動(dòng)mariadb server)

[root@localhost ~]# mysql
 MariaDB [(none)]> grant replication slave,replication client on *.* to "repluser"@"10.1.51.%" identified by "replpasswd";
 MariaDB [(none)]> flush privileges;

MariaDB [(none)]> show master status\G (查看主服務(wù)器的狀態(tài)信息,在從服務(wù)器中要用到)
*************************** 1. row ***************************
   File: master-log.000003 (正在使用的二進(jìn)制日志文件)
  Position: 245 (所處的位置)
 Binlog_Do_DB: 
Binlog_Ignore_DB:

4)安裝rpl semi sync_master插件,并啟用

[root@localhost ~]# mysql

MariaDB [(none)]> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_master soname "semisync_master.so";
MariaDB [(none)]> set global rpl_semi_sync_master_enabled = ON;

補(bǔ)充:

MariaDB [(none)]> show plugins;(可查看插件是否激活)
MariaDB [(none)]> show global variables like "rpl_semi%";(可查看安裝的插件是否啟用)
MariaDB [(none)]> show global status like "%semi%";(可查看從服務(wù)器的個(gè)數(shù),此時(shí)是0個(gè))

(2)從服務(wù)器的配置

1)安裝mariadb-server

[root@localhost ~]# yum -y install mariadb-server

2)編輯/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf

    在[mysqld]段的最后添加以下內(nèi)容

    skip_name_resolve = ON
    innodb_file_per_table = ON
    server-id = 2 (id號(hào)不能跟主服務(wù)器相同)
    relay-log = slave-log (自定義二進(jìn)制日志文件名)

3)設(shè)置要從哪個(gè)主服務(wù)器的那個(gè)位置開始同步

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

[root@localhost ~]# mysql

 MariaDB [(none)]> change master to master_host="10.1.51.60",master_user="repluser",master_password="replpasswd",master_log_file="master-log.000003",master_log_pos=245;

4)安裝rpl semi sync_slave插件并啟用

[root@localhost ~]# mysql 

 MariaDB [(none)]> install plugin rpl_semi_sync_slave soname "semisync_slave.so";
 MariaDB [(none)]> set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = ON;
 MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;

完成上面配置后,可以在主服務(wù)器上查看半同步復(fù)制的相關(guān)信息,命令如下:

MariaDB [(none)]> show global status like "%semi%";
 Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients 1 (從服務(wù)器有一臺(tái))

(3)測(cè)試

測(cè)試以個(gè)人實(shí)際情況而定
1)在主服務(wù)器上導(dǎo)入事先準(zhǔn)備好的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)hellodb.sql

MariaDB [hellodb]> source /root/hellodb.sql;

2)在主服務(wù)器上查看半同步復(fù)制的狀態(tài)

MariaDB [hellodb]> show master status;
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| File    | Position | Binlog_Do_DB | Binlog_Ignore_DB |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+
| master-log.000003 |  8102 |    |     |
+-------------------+----------+--------------+------------------+

MariaDB [hellodb]> show global status like "%semi%";
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name| Value |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_clients    | 1  |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_avg_wait_time  | 1684 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_wait_time   | 60630 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_net_waits    | 36 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_times    | 1  |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_no_tx     | 1  |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_status    | ON |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_timefunc_failures  | 0  |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_avg_wait_time  | 1884 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_wait_time   | 65965 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_tx_waits    | 35 |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_pos_backtraverse | 0  |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_wait_sessions   | 0  |
| Rpl_semi_sync_master_yes_tx    | 35 |
+--------------------------------------------+-------+

3)在從服務(wù)器上查看是否同步

MariaDB [(none)]> show databases;
MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb;
MariaDB [hellodb]> select * from students;

補(bǔ)充:基于上面的半同步復(fù)制配置復(fù)制的過濾器,復(fù)制過濾最好在從服務(wù)器上設(shè)置,步驟如下

(1)從服務(wù)器的配置

1)關(guān)閉mariadb server

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl stop mariadb.service

2)編輯/etc/my.cnf文件

[root@localhost ~]# vim /etc/my.cnf
 skip_name_resolve = ON
 innodb_file_per_table = ON
 server-id = 2
 relay-log = slave-log
 replicate-do-db = mydb (只復(fù)制mydb數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的內(nèi)容)

補(bǔ)充:常用的過濾選項(xiàng)如下

    Replicate_Do_DB=
    Replicate_Ignore_DB=
    Replicate_Do_Table=
    Replicate_Ignore_Table=
    Replicate_Wild_Do_Table=
    Replicate_Wild_Ignore_Table=

3)重啟mariadb server

[root@localhost ~]# systemctl start mariadb.service

4)重啟mariadb server后,半同步復(fù)制功能將被關(guān)閉,因此要重新啟動(dòng)

MariaDB [(none)]> show global variables like "%semi%";
+---------------------------------+-------+
| Variable_name     | Value |
+---------------------------------+-------+
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled  | OFF |
| rpl_semi_sync_slave_trace_level | 32 |
+---------------------------------+-------+

MariaDB [(none)]> set global rpl_semi_sync_slave_enabled = ON;
MariaDB [(none)]> stop slave;(需先關(guān)閉從服務(wù)器復(fù)制功能再重啟)
MariaDB [(none)]> start slave;

(2)測(cè)試

1)主服務(wù)器上的hellodb數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)創(chuàng)建一個(gè)新表semitable

MariaDB [hellodb]> create table semitable (id int);

2)在從服務(wù)器上查看hellodb數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)是否有semitable

MariaDB [(none)]> use hellodb
MariaDB [hellodb]> show tables;(并沒有)
+-------------------+
| Tables_in_hellodb |
+-------------------+
| classes   |
| coc    |
| courses   |
| scores   |
| students   |
| teachers   |
| toc    |
+-------------------+

3)在主服務(wù)器上創(chuàng)建mydb數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù),并為其創(chuàng)建一個(gè)tbl1表

MariaDB [hellodb]> create database mydb;

4)在從服務(wù)器上查看mydb數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)的是否有tbl1表

MariaDB [hellodb]> use mydb;
MariaDB [mydb]> show tables; (可以查看到)
+----------------+
| Tables_in_mydb |
+----------------+
| tbl1   |
+----------------+
標(biāo)簽: MariaDB
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