使用display:none時隱藏DOM元素無法獲取實際寬高的解決方法
案例說明
當DOM元素被添加上display:none;的樣式時,這個元素和它的子元素無法獲取到實際的寬高。
如圖,我設置了一個父元素和一個子元素,并且通過一個按鈕切換父元素是否帶有display:none;。
然后每次點擊按鈕后,在控制臺輸出兩個元素的高度。
可以看到,當元素正常顯示時,獲取寬高正常。而當元素添加上`display:none;`之后,獲取到的值變?yōu)?.
解決方法
使用jquery的actual方法可以很方便的獲取到元素的真實寬高。
<script src="https://cdnjs.cloudflare.com/ajax/libs/jquery.actual/1.0.19/jquery.actual.min.js"></script>
語法格式
//獲取帶有.hidden類的元素的實際高度
$('.hidden').actual('height');
使用actual方法后獲取寬高正常,無論元素有沒有被設置display:none;。(下圖中兩次輸出,一次是帶有display:none;的,一次是沒有的,均能獲取到實際高度)
原理:設置display:none;的元素沒有物理尺寸,而同樣能提供隱形效果的visibility則有物理尺寸,但是不能直接用visibility:hidden;代替display:none;,因為設置visibility之后的元素還是會占用頁面空間的。正確的解決方法是要獲取寬度或者高度時,首先將display:none;更換成display:block;,然后設置visibility讓其隱形,從而獲取實際寬高。
這里需要注意的是,當元素設置為塊級元素時,可能會因為其大小使得周圍的元素被推動,因此我們在獲取某個元素的實際寬高時,除了設置display和visibility,還要設置position:absolute;,在獲取到寬高值之后取消掉。
這個實現(xiàn)方法其實就是jquery的actual方法的內容:
源地址jquery.actual:Get the actual width/height of invisible DOM elements with jQuery.
如果打不開github也可以看下面的代碼(jquery.actual.js的代碼內容)
/*! Copyright 2012, Ben Lin (http://dreamerslab.com/) * Licensed under the MIT License (LICENSE.txt). * * Version: 1.0.19 * * Requires: jQuery >= 1.2.3 */;( function ( factory ) {if ( typeof define === "function" && define.amd ) { // AMD. Register module depending on jQuery using requirejs define. define( ["jquery"], factory );} else { // No AMD. factory( jQuery );}}( function ( $ ){ $.fn.addBack = $.fn.addBack || $.fn.andSelf; $.fn.extend({ actual : function ( method, options ){ // check if the jQuery method exist if( !this[ method ]){throw "$.actual => The jQuery method "" + method + "" you called does not exist"; } var defaults = {absolute : false,clone : false,includeMargin : false,display : "block" }; var configs = $.extend( defaults, options ); var $target = this.eq( 0 ); var fix, restore; if( configs.clone === true ){fix = function (){ var style = "position: absolute !important; top: -1000 !important; "; // this is useful with css3pie $target = $target. clone(). attr( "style", style ). appendTo( "body" );};restore = function (){ // remove DOM element after getting the width $target.remove();}; }else{var tmp = [];var style = "";var $hidden;fix = function (){ // get all hidden parents $hidden = $target.parents().addBack().filter( ":hidden" ); style += "visibility: hidden !important; display: " + configs.display + " !important; "; if( configs.absolute === true ) style += "position: absolute !important; "; // save the origin style props // set the hidden el css to be got the actual value later $hidden.each( function (){ // Save original style. If no style was set, attr() returns undefined var $this = $( this ); var thisStyle = $this.attr( "style" ); tmp.push( thisStyle ); // Retain as much of the original style as possible, if there is one $this.attr( "style", thisStyle ? thisStyle + ";" + style : style ); });};restore = function (){ // restore origin style values $hidden.each( function ( i ){ var $this = $( this ); var _tmp = tmp[ i ]; if( _tmp === undefined ){ $this.removeAttr( "style" ); }else{ $this.attr( "style", _tmp ); } });}; } fix(); // get the actual value with user specific methed // it can be "width", "height", "outerWidth", "innerWidth"... etc // configs.includeMargin only works for "outerWidth" and "outerHeight" var actual = /(outer)/.test( method ) ?$target[ method ]( configs.includeMargin ) :$target[ method ](); restore(); // IMPORTANT, this plugin only return the value of the first element return actual; } });}));
actual方法的參數(shù)
Example Code:(來源于jquery.actual github項目說明)// get hidden element actual width$( ".hidden" ).actual( "width" );// get hidden element actual innerWidth$( ".hidden" ).actual( "innerWidth" );// get hidden element actual outerWidth$( ".hidden" ).actual( "outerWidth" );// get hidden element actual outerWidth and set the `includeMargin` argument$( ".hidden" ).actual( "outerWidth", { includeMargin : true });// get hidden element actual height$( ".hidden" ).actual( "height" );// get hidden element actual innerHeight$( ".hidden" ).actual( "innerHeight" );// get hidden element actual outerHeight$( ".hidden" ).actual( "outerHeight" );// get hidden element actual outerHeight and set the `includeMargin` argument$( ".hidden" ).actual( "outerHeight", { includeMargin : true });// if the page jumps or blinks, pass a attribute "{ absolute : true }"http:// be very careful, you might get a wrong result depends on how you makrup your html and css$( ".hidden" ).actual( "height", { absolute : true });// if you use css3pie with a float element// for example a rounded corner navigation menu you can also try to pass a attribute "{ clone : true }"http:// please see demo/css3pie in action$( ".hidden" ).actual( "width", { clone : true });// if it is not a block element. By default { display: "block" }.// for example a inline element$( ".hidden" ).actual( "width", { display: "inline-block" });
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