jpa是JavaEE定義的一種規范，常用的實現一般是Hibernate，而spring-data-jpa則是對jpa的又一層封裝，提供了更多便捷的方法。

這里不會深入講解spring-data-jpa的使用，只是講解怎么快速的整合使用，目的是幫助那些想學，但是在整合上老是翻車的同學

導入依賴

<dependency><groupId>com.zaxxer</groupId><artifactId>HikariCP</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId></dependency><dependency><groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId><artifactId>spring-boot-starter-data-jpa</artifactId></dependency>

配置

spring: data: jpa: repositories: # 開啟jpa enabled: true bootstrap-mode: default jpa: # 數據庫方言 database-platform: org.hibernate.dialect.MySQL57Dialect open-in-view: false # 打印SQL show-sql: false properties: # 格式化輸出的SQL語句 hibernate.format_sql: false hibernate: # 自動建表策略 ddl-auto: update

這里忽略了數據源的配置

關于自動建表策略

# 枚舉值spring.jpa.hibernate.ddl-autocreate不管表是否存在, 每次啟動都會重新建表(會導致數據丟失)create-drop啟動的時候創建表, 程序退出(SessionFactory關閉)的時候刪除表none不進行任何操作update如果數據表不存在則創建, 在實體對象被修改后,下次啟動重新修改表結構(不會刪除已經存在的數據)validate啟動的時候驗證數據表的結構,

相關的配置類

這里僅僅列出了部分常用的配置，如果需要了解所有的配置信息，可以參考配置類

JpaPropertiesSpringDataWebPropertiesHibernateProperties

相關配置的文檔docs.spring.io/spring-boot…

定義實體類User

import java.io.Serializable;import java.time.LocalDateTime;import javax.persistence.Column;import javax.persistence.Entity;import javax.persistence.Enumerated;import javax.persistence.GeneratedValue;import javax.persistence.GenerationType;import javax.persistence.Id;import javax.persistence.Index;import javax.persistence.Table;// 指定表名稱@Table(name = 'user', indexes = {// 定義索引@Index(columnList = 'account', unique = true) })// 標識實體類@Entity// 設置表注釋@org.hibernate.annotations.Table(appliesTo = 'user', comment = '用戶')public class User implements Serializable {/** * */private static final long serialVersionUID = 4953012795378725917L;@Id // id 字段@Column(columnDefinition = 'INT(11) UNSIGNED COMMENT ’id’')@GeneratedValue(strategy = GenerationType.IDENTITY) // 自增private Integer id;// 賬戶@Column(columnDefinition = 'VARCHAR(50) COMMENT ’登錄賬戶’', nullable = false)private String account;// 密碼@Column(columnDefinition = 'VARCHAR(255) COMMENT ’登錄密碼’', nullable = false)private String password;// 性別@Column(columnDefinition = 'TINYINT(1) COMMENT ’性別。0：男，1：女’', nullable = false)@Enumeratedprivate Gender gender;// 創建時間@Column(name = 'created_date', columnDefinition = 'timestamp DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT ’創建時間’', nullable = false)private LocalDateTime createdDate;// 最后修改時間@Column(name = 'last_modified_date', columnDefinition = 'timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ’最后一次修改時間’')private LocalDateTime lastModifiedDate;// 記錄狀態@Column(columnDefinition = 'TINYINT(1) unsigned COMMENT ’是否啟用’', nullable = false)private Boolean enabled;public Integer getId() {return id;}public void setId(Integer id) {this.id = id;}public String getAccount() {return account;}public void setAccount(String account) {this.account = account;}public String getPassword() {return password;}public void setPassword(String password) {this.password = password;}public Gender getGender() {return gender;}public void setGender(Gender gender) {this.gender = gender;}public LocalDateTime getCreatedDate() {return createdDate;}public void setCreatedDate(LocalDateTime createdDate) {this.createdDate = createdDate;}public LocalDateTime getLastModifiedDate() {return lastModifiedDate;}public void setLastModifiedDate(LocalDateTime lastModifiedDate) {this.lastModifiedDate = lastModifiedDate;}public Boolean getEnabled() {return enabled;}public void setEnabled(Boolean enabled) {this.enabled = enabled;}@Overridepublic String toString() {return 'User [id=' + id + ', account=' + account + ', password=' + password + ', gender=' + gender+ ', createdDate=' + createdDate + ', lastModifiedDate=' + lastModifiedDate + ', enabled=' + enabled+ ']';}public static enum Gender {BOY, GIRL}}

Repository

抽象出BaseRepository

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;import org.springframework.data.repository.NoRepositoryBean;@NoRepositoryBean // 該接口不是一個Repository，不需要生成代理實現public interface BaseRepository <T, ID> extends JpaRepository<T, ID>, JpaSpecificationExecutor <T>// , QuerydslPredicateExecutor<T> 如果使用了QueryDSL還可以實現這個接口{}

定義 UserRepository

import io.springboot.jpa.entity.User;public interface UserRepository extends BaseRepository<User, Integer> {}

Service

抽象出 BaseService

import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaRepository;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.JpaSpecificationExecutor;public interface BaseService<T, ID> extends JpaRepository<T, ID>, JpaSpecificationExecutor <T>// , QuerydslPredicateExecutor<T> {}

抽象出 AbstractService

import java.util.List;import java.util.Optional;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.data.domain.Example;import org.springframework.data.domain.Page;import org.springframework.data.domain.Pageable;import org.springframework.data.domain.Sort;import org.springframework.data.jpa.domain.Specification;import org.springframework.transaction.annotation.Transactional;import io.springboot.jpa.repository.BaseRepository;public abstract class AbstractService<T, ID> implements BaseService <T, ID> {/** * 泛型注入 */@Autowiredprotected BaseRepository<T, ID> baseRepository;@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public List<T> findAll() {return this.baseRepository.findAll();}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public List<T> findAll(Sort sort) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(sort);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public List<T> findAllById(Iterable<ID> ids) {return this.baseRepository.findAllById(ids);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> List<S> saveAll(Iterable<S> entities) {return this.baseRepository.saveAll(entities);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void flush() {this.baseRepository.flush();}@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> S saveAndFlush(S entity) {return this.baseRepository.saveAndFlush(entity);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void deleteInBatch(Iterable<T> entities) {this.baseRepository.deleteInBatch(entities);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void deleteAllInBatch() {this.baseRepository.deleteAllInBatch();}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public T getOne(ID id) {return this.baseRepository.getOne(id);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> List<S> findAll(Example<S> example) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(example);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> List<S> findAll(Example<S> example, Sort sort) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(example, sort);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public Page<T> findAll(Pageable pageable) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(pageable);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> S save(S entity) {return this.baseRepository.save(entity);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public Optional<T> findById(ID id) {return this.baseRepository.findById(id);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public boolean existsById(ID id) {return this.baseRepository.existsById(id);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public long count() {return this.baseRepository.count();}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void deleteById(ID id) {this.baseRepository.deleteById(id);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void delete(T entity) {this.baseRepository.delete(entity);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void deleteAll(Iterable<? extends T> entities) {this.baseRepository.deleteAll(entities);}@Override@Transactional(rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public void deleteAll() {this.baseRepository.deleteAll();}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> Optional<S> findOne(Example<S> example) {return this.baseRepository.findOne(example);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> Page<S> findAll(Example<S> example, Pageable pageable) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(example, pageable);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> long count(Example<S> example) {return this.baseRepository.count(example);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public <S extends T> boolean exists(Example<S> example) {return this.baseRepository.exists(example);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public Optional<T> findOne(Specification<T> spec) {return this.baseRepository.findOne(spec);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public List<T> findAll(Specification<T> spec) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(spec);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public Page<T> findAll(Specification<T> spec, Pageable pageable) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(spec, pageable);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public List<T> findAll(Specification<T> spec, Sort sort) {return this.baseRepository.findAll(spec, sort);}@Override@Transactional(readOnly = true, rollbackFor = Throwable.class)public long count(Specification<T> spec) {return this.baseRepository.count(spec);}}

定義 UserService

import org.springframework.stereotype.Service;import io.springboot.jpa.entity.User;@Servicepublic class UserService extends AbstractService<User, Integer> {}

添加注解驅動

import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.domain.EntityScan;import org.springframework.data.jpa.repository.config.EnableJpaRepositories;@SpringBootApplication@EnableJpaRepositories(basePackages = { 'io.springboot.jpa.repository' })@EntityScan(basePackages = { 'io.springboot.jpa.entity' })public class JpaApplication {public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(JpaApplication.class, args);}}

@EnableJpaRepositories指定repository所在的包@EntityScan指定entity所在的包

測試

import io.springboot.jpa.JpaApplication;import io.springboot.jpa.entity.User;import io.springboot.jpa.service.UserService;import java.time.LocalDateTime;import org.junit.Test;import org.junit.runner.RunWith;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.boot.test.context.SpringBootTest;import org.springframework.test.context.junit4.SpringRunner;@RunWith(SpringRunner.class)@SpringBootTest(classes = JpaApplication.class, webEnvironment = SpringBootTest.WebEnvironment.RANDOM_PORT)public class JpaApplicationTest {static final Logger LOGGER = LoggerFactory.getLogger(JpaApplicationTest.class);@AutowiredUserService userService;@Testpublic void test () {// 存儲User user = new User();user.setAccount('kevinblandy.cn@gmail.com');user.setPassword('123456');user.setGender(User.Gender.GIRL);user.setEnabled(Boolean.TRUE);user.setCreatedDate(LocalDateTime.now());this.userService.save(user);LOGGER.info('save success.....');// 檢索User results = this.userService.findById(user.getId()).orElseGet(null);LOGGER.info('query result={}', results);}}

自動創建的表

CREATE TABLE `user` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT ’id’, `account` varchar(50) NOT NULL COMMENT ’登錄賬戶’, `created_date` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT ’創建時間’, `enabled` tinyint(1) unsigned NOT NULL COMMENT ’是否啟用’, `gender` tinyint(1) NOT NULL COMMENT ’性別。0：男，1：女’, `last_modified_date` timestamp NULL DEFAULT NULL COMMENT ’最后一次修改時間’, `password` varchar(255) NOT NULL COMMENT ’登錄密碼’, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), UNIQUE KEY `UKdnq7r8jcmlft7l8l4j79l1h74` (`account`)) ENGINE=InnoDB DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4 COMMENT=’用戶’;

執行的日志

Hibernate: insert into user (account, created_date, enabled, gender, last_modified_date, password) values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)2020-06-23 17:57:36.264 INFO 7612 --- [ main] i.s.jpa.test.JpaApplicationTest : save success.....Hibernate: select user0_.id as id1_0_0_, user0_.account as account2_0_0_, user0_.created_date as created_3_0_0_, user0_.enabled as enabled4_0_0_, user0_.gender as gender5_0_0_, user0_.last_modified_date as last_mod6_0_0_, user0_.password as password7_0_0_ from user user0_ where user0_.id=?2020-06-23 17:57:36.303 INFO 7612 --- [ main] i.s.jpa.test.JpaApplicationTest : query result=User [id=1, account=kevinblandy.cn@gmail.com, password=123456, gender=GIRL, createdDate=2020-06-23T17:57:36, lastModifiedDate=null, enabled=true]

總結

到此這篇關于SpringBoot整合spring-data-jpa的方法的文章就介紹到這了,更多相關SpringBoot整合spring-data-jpa內容請搜索好吧啦網以前的文章或繼續瀏覽下面的相關文章希望大家以后多多支持好吧啦網！