SpringBoot+Mybatis使用Mapper接口注冊的幾種方式
SpringBoot項目中借助Mybatis來操作數據庫,對大部分java技術棧的小伙伴來說,并不會陌生;我們知道,使用mybatis,一般會有下面幾個
Entity: 數據庫實體類 Mapper: db操作接口 Service: 服務類 xml文件:寫sql的地方本篇博文中主要介紹是Mapper接口與對應的xml文件如何關聯的幾種姿勢(這個問題像不像'茴'字有幾個寫法😬)
I. 環境準備1. 數據庫準備使用mysql作為本文的實例數據庫,新增一張表
CREATE TABLE `money` ( `id` int(11) unsigned NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT, `name` varchar(20) NOT NULL DEFAULT ’’ COMMENT ’用戶名’, `money` int(26) NOT NULL DEFAULT ’0’ COMMENT ’錢’, `is_deleted` tinyint(1) NOT NULL DEFAULT ’0’, `create_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT ’創建時間’, `update_at` timestamp NOT NULL DEFAULT CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP COMMENT ’更新時間’, PRIMARY KEY (`id`), KEY `name` (`name`)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8mb4;2. 項目環境
本文借助 SpringBoot 2.2.1.RELEASE + maven 3.5.3 + IDEA進行開發
pom依賴如下
<dependencies> <dependency><groupId>org.mybatis.spring.boot</groupId><artifactId>mybatis-spring-boot-starter</artifactId><version>2.2.0</version> </dependency> <dependency><groupId>mysql</groupId><artifactId>mysql-connector-java</artifactId> </dependency></dependencies>
db配置信息 application.yml
spring: datasource: url: jdbc:mysql://127.0.0.1:3306/story?useUnicode=true&characterEncoding=UTF-8&useSSL=false&serverTimezone=Asia/Shanghai username: root password:II. 實例演示
前面基礎環境搭建完成,接下來準備下Mybatis的Entity,Mapper等基礎類
1. 實體類,Mapper類數據庫實體類MoneyPo
@Datapublic class MoneyPo { private Integer id; private String name; private Long money; private Integer isDeleted; private Timestamp createAt; private Timestamp updateAt;}
對應的Mapper接口(這里直接使用注解的方式來實現CURD)
public interface MoneyMapper { /** * 保存數據,并保存主鍵id * * @param po * @return int */ @Options(useGeneratedKeys = true, keyProperty = 'po.id', keyColumn = 'id') @Insert('insert into money (name, money, is_deleted) values (#{po.name}, #{po.money}, #{po.isDeleted})') int save(@Param('po') MoneyPo po); /** * 更新 * * @param id id * @param money 錢 * @return int */ @Update('update money set `money`=#{money} where id = #{id}') int update(@Param('id') int id, @Param('money') long money); /** * 刪除數據 * * @param id id * @return int */ @Delete('delete from money where id = #{id}') int delete(@Param('id') int id); /** * 主鍵查詢 * * @param id id * @return {@link MoneyPo} */ @Select('select * from money where id = #{id}') @Results(id = 'moneyResultMap', value = { @Result(property = 'id', column = 'id', id = true, jdbcType = JdbcType.INTEGER), @Result(property = 'name', column = 'name', jdbcType = JdbcType.VARCHAR), @Result(property = 'money', column = 'money', jdbcType = JdbcType.INTEGER), @Result(property = 'isDeleted', column = 'is_deleted', jdbcType = JdbcType.TINYINT), @Result(property = 'createAt', column = 'create_at', jdbcType = JdbcType.TIMESTAMP), @Result(property = 'updateAt', column = 'update_at', jdbcType = JdbcType.TIMESTAMP)}) MoneyPo getById(@Param('id') int id);}
對應的Service類
@Slf4j@Servicepublic class MoneyService { @Autowired private MoneyMapper moneyMapper; public void basicTest() {int id = save();log.info('save {}', getById(id));boolean update = update(id, 202L);log.info('update {}, {}', update, getById(id));boolean delete = delete(id);log.info('delete {}, {}', delete, getById(id)); } private int save() {MoneyPo po = new MoneyPo();po.setName('一灰灰blog');po.setMoney(101L);po.setIsDeleted(0);moneyMapper.save(po);return po.getId(); } private boolean update(int id, long newMoney) {int ans = moneyMapper.update(id, newMoney);return ans > 0; } private boolean delete(int id) {return moneyMapper.delete(id) > 0; } private MoneyPo getById(int id) {return moneyMapper.getById(id); }}2. 注冊方式
注意,上面寫完之后,若不通過下面的幾種方式注冊Mapper接口,項目啟動會失敗,提示找不到MoneyMapper對應的bean
Field moneyMapper in com.git.hui.boot.mybatis.service.MoneyService required a bean of type ’com.git.hui.boot.mybatis.mapper.MoneyMapper’ that could not be found.
2.1 @MapperScan注冊方式在配置類or啟動類上,添加@MapperScan注解來指定Mapper接口的包路徑,從而實現Mapper接口的注冊
@MapperScan(basePackages = 'com.git.hui.boot.mybatis.mapper')@SpringBootApplicationpublic class Application { public Application(MoneyService moneyService) {moneyService.basicTest(); } public static void main(String[] args) {SpringApplication.run(Application.class); }}
執行之后輸出結果如下
2021-07-06 19:12:57.984 INFO 1876 --- [ main] c.g.h.boot.mybatis.service.MoneyService : save MoneyPo(id=557, name=一灰灰blog, money=101, isDeleted=0, createAt=2021-07-06 19:12:57.0, updateAt=2021-07-06 19:12:57.0)2021-07-06 19:12:58.011 INFO 1876 --- [ main] c.g.h.boot.mybatis.service.MoneyService : update true, MoneyPo(id=557, name=一灰灰blog, money=202, isDeleted=0, createAt=2021-07-06 19:12:57.0, updateAt=2021-07-06 19:12:57.0)2021-07-06 19:12:58.039 INFO 1876 --- [ main] c.g.h.boot.mybatis.service.MoneyService : delete true, null
注意:
basePackages: 傳入Mapper的包路徑,數組,可以傳入多個 包路徑支持正則,如com.git.hui.boot.*.mapper 上面這種方式,可以避免讓我們所有的mapper都放在一個包路徑下,從而導致閱讀不友好2.2 @Mapper 注冊方式前面的@MapperScan指定mapper的包路徑,這個注解則直接放在Mapper接口上
@Mapperpublic interface MoneyMapper {...}
測試輸出省略...
2.3 MapperScannerConfigurer注冊方式使用MapperScannerConfigurer來實現mapper接口注冊,在很久以前,還是使用Spring的xml進行bean的聲明的時候,mybatis的mapper就是這么玩的
<bean class='org.mybatis.spring.mapper.MapperScannerConfigurer'><property name='basePackage' value='xxx'/><property name='sqlSessionFactoryBeanName' value='sqlSessionFactory'/></bean>
對應的java代碼如下:
@Configurationpublic class AutoConfig { @Bean(name = 'sqlSessionFactory') public SqlSessionFactory sqlSessionFactory(DataSource dataSource) throws Exception {SqlSessionFactoryBean bean = new SqlSessionFactoryBean();bean.setDataSource(dataSource);bean.setMapperLocations(// 設置mybatis的xml所在位置,這里使用mybatis注解方式,沒有配置xml文件new PathMatchingResourcePatternResolver().getResources('classpath*:mapping/*.xml'));return bean.getObject(); } @Bean('sqlSessionTemplate') public SqlSessionTemplate sqlSessionTemplate(SqlSessionFactory storySqlSessionFactory) {return new SqlSessionTemplate(storySqlSessionFactory); } @Bean public MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer() {MapperScannerConfigurer mapperScannerConfigurer = new MapperScannerConfigurer();mapperScannerConfigurer.setBasePackage('com.git.hui.boot.mybatis.mapper');mapperScannerConfigurer.setSqlSessionFactoryBeanName('sqlSessionFactory');mapperScannerConfigurer.setSqlSessionTemplateBeanName('sqlSessionTemplate');return mapperScannerConfigurer; }}
測試輸出省略
3. 小結本文主要介紹Mybatis中Mapper接口的三種注冊方式,其中常見的兩種注解方式
@MapperScan: 指定Mapper接口的包路徑 @Mapper: 放在mapper接口上 MapperScannerConfigurer: 編程方式注冊那么疑問來了,為啥要介紹這三種方式,我們實際的業務開發中,前面兩個基本上就滿足了;什么場景會用到第三種方式?
如寫通用的Mapper(類似Mybatis-Plus中的BaseMapper)如一個Mapper,多數據源的場景(如主從庫,冷熱庫,db的操作mapper一致,但是底層的數據源不同)
III. 不能錯過的源碼和相關知識點工程:https://github.com/liuyueyi/spring-boot-demo源碼:https://github.com/liuyueyi/spring-boot-demo/tree/master/spring-boot/104-mybatis-ano
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