Java中Spring Boot+Socket實現與html頁面的長連接實例詳解
Spring Boot+Socket實現與html頁面的長連接,客戶端給服務器端發消息,服務器給客戶端輪詢發送消息,附案例源碼
功能介紹
客戶端給所有在線用戶發送消息客戶端給指定在線用戶發送消息服務器給客戶端發送消息(輪詢方式)
注意:socket只是實現一些簡單的功能,具體的還需根據自身情況,代碼稍微改造下
項目搭建
項目結構圖
pom.xml
<?xml version='1.0' encoding='UTF-8'?><project xmlns='http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0' xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance' xsi:schemaLocation='http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 https://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd'> <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion> <parent> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-parent</artifactId> <version>2.3.2.RELEASE</version> <relativePath/> <!-- lookup parent from repository --> </parent> <groupId>com.cyb</groupId> <artifactId>socket_test</artifactId> <version>0.0.1-SNAPSHOT</version> <name>socket_test</name> <description>Demo project for Spring Boot</description> <properties> <java.version>1.8</java.version> </properties> <dependencies> <!-- springboot websocket --> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-websocket</artifactId> </dependency> <!--guava依賴--> <dependency> <groupId>com.google.guava</groupId> <artifactId>guava</artifactId> <version>18.0</version> </dependency> <!--fastjson依賴--> <dependency> <groupId>com.alibaba</groupId> <artifactId>fastjson</artifactId> <version>1.2.46</version> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId> </dependency> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-test</artifactId> <scope>test</scope> <exclusions> <exclusion> <groupId>org.junit.vintage</groupId> <artifactId>junit-vintage-engine</artifactId> </exclusion> </exclusions> </dependency> </dependencies> <build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> </plugin> </plugins> </build></project>
appliccation.properties
SocketTestApplication.java(Spring Boot啟動類)
WebSocketStompConfig.java
package com.cyb.socket.websocket;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Bean;import org.springframework.context.annotation.Configuration;import org.springframework.web.socket.server.standard.ServerEndpointExporter;@Configurationpublic class WebSocketStompConfig { //這個bean的注冊,用于掃描帶有@ServerEndpoint的注解成為websocket ,如果你使用外置的tomcat就不需要該配置文件 @Bean public ServerEndpointExporter serverEndpointExporter() { return new ServerEndpointExporter(); }}
WebSocket.java(Socket核心類)
package com.cyb.socket.websocket;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Map;import java.util.Set;import java.util.concurrent.ConcurrentHashMap;import javax.websocket.OnClose;import javax.websocket.OnError;import javax.websocket.OnMessage;import javax.websocket.OnOpen;import javax.websocket.Session;import javax.websocket.server.PathParam;import javax.websocket.server.ServerEndpoint;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSON;import com.alibaba.fastjson.JSONObject;import com.google.common.collect.Maps;import org.slf4j.Logger;import org.slf4j.LoggerFactory;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;/** * @Author:陳彥斌 * @Description:Socket核心類 * @Date: 2020-07-26 */@Component@ServerEndpoint(value = '/connectWebSocket/{userId}')public class WebSocket { private Logger logger = LoggerFactory.getLogger(this.getClass()); /** * 在線人數 */ public static int onlineNumber = 0; /** * 以用戶的姓名為key,WebSocket為對象保存起來 */ private static Map<String, WebSocket> clients = new ConcurrentHashMap<String, WebSocket>(); /** * 會話 */ private Session session; /** * 用戶名稱 */ private String userId; /** * 建立連接 * * @param session */ @OnOpen public void onOpen(@PathParam('userId') String userId, Session session) { onlineNumber++; System.out.println('現在來連接的客戶id:' + session.getId() + '用戶名:' + userId); //logger.info('現在來連接的客戶id:'+session.getId()+'用戶名:'+userId); this.userId = userId; this.session = session; System.out.println('有新連接加入! 當前在線人數' + onlineNumber); // logger.info('有新連接加入! 當前在線人數' + onlineNumber); try { //messageType 1代表上線 2代表下線 3代表在線名單 4代表普通消息 //先給所有人發送通知,說我上線了 Map<String, Object> map1 = Maps.newHashMap(); map1.put('messageType', 1); map1.put('userId', userId); sendMessageAll(JSON.toJSONString(map1), userId); //把自己的信息加入到map當中去 clients.put(userId, this); System.out.println('有連接關閉! 當前在線人數' + onlineNumber); //logger.info('有連接關閉! 當前在線人數' + clients.size()); //給自己發一條消息:告訴自己現在都有誰在線 Map<String, Object> map2 = Maps.newHashMap(); map2.put('messageType', 3); //移除掉自己 Set<String> set = clients.keySet(); map2.put('onlineUsers', set); sendMessageTo(JSON.toJSONString(map2), userId); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(userId + '上線的時候通知所有人發生了錯誤'); //logger.info(userId+'上線的時候通知所有人發生了錯誤'); } } @OnError public void onError(Session session, Throwable error) { //logger.info('服務端發生了錯誤'+error.getMessage()); //error.printStackTrace(); System.out.println('服務端發生了錯誤:' + error.getMessage()); } /** * 連接關閉 */ @OnClose public void onClose() { onlineNumber--; //webSockets.remove(this); clients.remove(userId); try { //messageType 1代表上線 2代表下線 3代表在線名單 4代表普通消息 Map<String, Object> map1 = Maps.newHashMap(); map1.put('messageType', 2); map1.put('onlineUsers', clients.keySet()); map1.put('userId', userId); sendMessageAll(JSON.toJSONString(map1), userId); } catch (IOException e) { System.out.println(userId + '下線的時候通知所有人發生了錯誤'); //logger.info(userId+'下線的時候通知所有人發生了錯誤'); } //logger.info('有連接關閉! 當前在線人數' + onlineNumber); //logger.info('有連接關閉! 當前在線人數' + clients.size()); System.out.println('有連接關閉! 當前在線人數' + onlineNumber); } /** * 收到客戶端的消息 * * @param message 消息 * @param session 會話 */ @OnMessage public void onMessage(String message, Session session) { try { //logger.info('來自客戶端消息:' + message+'客戶端的id是:'+session.getId()); System.out.println('來自客戶端消息:' + message + ' | 客戶端的id是:' + session.getId()); JSONObject jsonObject = JSON.parseObject(message); String textMessage = jsonObject.getString('message'); String fromuserId = jsonObject.getString('userId'); String touserId = jsonObject.getString('to'); //如果不是發給所有,那么就發給某一個人 //messageType 1代表上線 2代表下線 3代表在線名單 4代表普通消息 Map<String, Object> map1 = Maps.newHashMap(); map1.put('messageType', 4); map1.put('textMessage', textMessage); map1.put('fromuserId', fromuserId); if (touserId.equals('All')) { map1.put('touserId', '所有人'); sendMessageAll(JSON.toJSONString(map1), fromuserId); } else { map1.put('touserId', touserId); System.out.println('開始推送消息給' + touserId); sendMessageTo(JSON.toJSONString(map1), touserId); } } catch (Exception e) { e.printStackTrace(); //logger.info('發生了錯誤了'); } } /** * 給指定的用戶發送消息 * * @param message * @param TouserId * @throws IOException */ public void sendMessageTo(String message, String TouserId) throws IOException { for (WebSocket item : clients.values()) { System.out.println('給指定的在線用戶發送消息,在線人員名單:【' + item.userId.toString() + '】發送消息:' + message); if (item.userId.equals(TouserId)) { item.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message); break; } } } /** * 給所有用戶發送消息 * * @param message 數據 * @param FromuserId * @throws IOException */ public void sendMessageAll(String message, String FromuserId) throws IOException { for (WebSocket item : clients.values()) { System.out.println('給所有在線用戶發送給消息,在線人員名單:【' + item.userId.toString() + '】發送消息:' + message); item.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message); } } /** * 給所有在線用戶發送消息 * * @param message 數據 * @throws IOException */ public void sendMessageAll(String message) throws IOException { for (WebSocket item : clients.values()) { System.out.println('服務器給所有在線用戶發送消息,當前在線人員為【' + item.userId.toString() + '】發送消息:' + message); item.session.getAsyncRemote().sendText(message); } } /** * 獲取在線用戶數 * * @return */ public static synchronized int getOnlineCount() { return onlineNumber; }}
TestController.java(前端控制器)
package com.cyb.socket.websocket;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.*;import java.io.IOException;@Controller@RequestMapping('testMethod')public class TestController { @Autowired private WebSocket webSocket; /** * 給指定的在線用戶發送消息 * @param userId * @param msg * @return * @throws IOException */ @ResponseBody @GetMapping('/sendTo') public String sendTo(@RequestParam('userId') String userId,@RequestParam('msg') String msg) throws IOException { webSocket.sendMessageTo(msg,userId); return '推送成功'; } /** * 給所有在線用戶發送消息 * @param msg * @return * @throws IOException * @throws IOException */ @ResponseBody @PostMapping('/sendAll') public String sendAll(@RequestBody String msg) throws IOException, IOException { webSocket.sendMessageAll(msg); return '推送成功'; }}
SocketTask.java(輪詢調度往客戶端推送消息)
package com.cyb.socket.schedule;import com.cyb.socket.websocket.WebSocket;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.scheduling.annotation.Scheduled;import org.springframework.stereotype.Component;import java.io.IOException;import java.text.SimpleDateFormat;import java.util.Date;@Componentpublic class SocketTask { @Autowired private WebSocket webSocket; private SimpleDateFormat sdf =new SimpleDateFormat('yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss SSS' ); //5秒輪詢一次 @Scheduled(fixedRate = 5000) public void sendClientData() throws IOException { String msg='{'message':'你好','userId':'002','to':'All'}'; webSocket.sendMessageAll(msg); System.out.println('消息推送時間:'+ sdf.format(new Date())); }}
測試網頁
index.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML><html><head> <title>Test My WebSocket</title></head> <body>TestWebSocket<input type='text' /><button onclick='send()'>SEND MESSAGE</button><button onclick='closeWebSocket()'>CLOSE</button><div id='message'></div></body> <script type='text/javascript'> var websocket = null; //判斷當前瀏覽器是否支持WebSocket if(’WebSocket’ in window){ //連接WebSocket節點 websocket = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8083/connectWebSocket/001'); } else{ alert(’Not support websocket’) } //連接發生錯誤的回調方法 websocket.onerror = function(){ setMessageInnerHTML('error'); }; //連接成功建立的回調方法 websocket.onopen = function(event){ setMessageInnerHTML('open'); } //接收到消息的回調方法 websocket.onmessage = function(event){ setMessageInnerHTML(event.data); } //連接關閉的回調方法 websocket.onclose = function(){ setMessageInnerHTML('close'); } //監聽窗口關閉事件,當窗口關閉時,主動去關閉websocket連接,防止連接還沒斷開就關閉窗口,server端會拋異常。 window.onbeforeunload = function(){ websocket.close(); } //將消息顯示在網頁上 function setMessageInnerHTML(innerHTML){ document.getElementById(’message’).innerHTML += innerHTML + ’<br/>’; } //關閉連接 function closeWebSocket(){ websocket.close(); } //發送消息 function send(){ var message = document.getElementById(’text’).value; websocket.send(message); }</script></html>
index2.html
<!DOCTYPE HTML><html><head> <title>Test My WebSocket</title></head> <body>TestWebSocket<input type='text' /><button onclick='send()'>SEND MESSAGE</button><button onclick='closeWebSocket()'>CLOSE</button><div id='message'></div></body> <script type='text/javascript'> var websocket = null; //判斷當前瀏覽器是否支持WebSocket if(’WebSocket’ in window){ //連接WebSocket節點 websocket = new WebSocket('ws://localhost:8083/connectWebSocket/002'); } else{ alert(’Not support websocket’) } //連接發生錯誤的回調方法 websocket.onerror = function(){ setMessageInnerHTML('error'); }; //連接成功建立的回調方法 websocket.onopen = function(event){ setMessageInnerHTML('open'); } //接收到消息的回調方法 websocket.onmessage = function(event){ setMessageInnerHTML(event.data); } //連接關閉的回調方法 websocket.onclose = function(){ setMessageInnerHTML('close'); } //監聽窗口關閉事件,當窗口關閉時,主動去關閉websocket連接,防止連接還沒斷開就關閉窗口,server端會拋異常。 window.onbeforeunload = function(){ websocket.close(); } //將消息顯示在網頁上 function setMessageInnerHTML(innerHTML){ document.getElementById(’message’).innerHTML += innerHTML + ’<br/>’; } //關閉連接 function closeWebSocket(){ websocket.close(); } //發送消息 function send(){ var message = document.getElementById(’text’).value; websocket.send(message); }</script></html>
項目地址
鏈接:https://pan.baidu.com/s/1yiAXTkCjHac-F3S1HFyNJQ 提取碼:53tp
功能演示
客戶端給所有在線用戶發消息
客戶端給指定在線用戶發送消息
服務器給客戶端發送消息(輪詢方式)
注意需要加上這些注解
演示
通過前端控制器給指定用戶發送消息
演示
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