聊聊python在linux下與windows下導入模塊的區別說明
我就廢話不多說了,大家往下看吧~
P|-A| a.py|-B| b.py
文件結構如上,在windows下a想運行b中的方法,可以直接寫成
from B impot bb.fun()但是在linux中會出現
ModuleNotFoundError: No module named ’B’
可以通過引入sys添加路徑解決
import syssys.path.append('/P/B')from B impot b
在程序中為了也有良好的移植性,可以在代碼中顯式添加路徑,
比如用os的方法:BASE_DIR = os.path.dirname(os.path.dirname(os.path.abspath(__file__)))或者pathlib 方法:
BASE_DIR = Path(__file__).resolve().parent.parent
最后可以添加到 sys.path中
sys.path.append(str(BASE_DIR))
補充:python import導入三種方式(導入不同文件夾的文件,window和linux的區別)
import導入方式
1、導入python自有的庫import json2、導入同級目錄下的文件,比如在logindev.py導入read_config.py文件
# coding = utf-8from read_config import ReadConfigimport requestsimport json# 拼接請求參數,獲取cookie,作為后續登錄使用3、導入不同級別目錄下的文件:a、windows環境
# coding = utf-8import datetimeimport allureimport pytestimport jsonimport sys'''windows執行的時候,直接在系統路徑上新增文件夾路徑'''sys.path.append('../common')'''linux執行的時候,直接按照相對路徑引用即可'''from common import http_request
這段代碼在linux下報如下錯誤:
==================================== ERRORS ====================================_______________ ERROR collecting test_case/test_member_ticket.py _______________ImportError while importing test module ’/var/jenkins_home/workspace/pytest_allure/test_case/test_member_ticket.py’.Hint: make sure your test modules/packages have valid Python names.Traceback:test_member_ticket.py:8: in <module> from common import http_requestE ImportError: No module named ’common’b、linux環境
# coding = utf-8import datetimeimport allureimport pytestimport jsonimport sys'''windows執行的時候,直接在系統路徑上新增文件夾路徑'''#sys.path.append('../common')'''linux執行的時候,直接按照相對路徑引用即可'''from ..common import http_request
這段代碼在windows報如下錯誤:
========================================================================== ERRORS ==========================================================================__________________________________________________________ ERROR collecting test_member_ticket.py __________________________________________________________test_member_ticket.py:8: in <module> from ..common import http_requestE ValueError: attempted relative import beyond top-level package================================================================= short test summary info ==================================================================ERROR test_member_ticket.py - ValueError: attempted relative import beyond top-level package!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!! Interrupted: 1 error during collection !!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!===================================================================== 1 error in 0.46s =====================================================================
以上為個人經驗,希望能給大家一個參考,也希望大家多多支持好吧啦網。如有錯誤或未考慮完全的地方,望不吝賜教。
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